Chứng minh một số bất đẳng thức phụ:
1. \(\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\ge3\)
2. \(2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\text{ (vừa chứng minh ở trên)}\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
3. \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\ge3\left(xy+y+zx\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z\ge\sqrt{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\ge\sqrt{3.3}=3\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\frac{x^4}{y+3z}+\frac{y^4}{z+3x}+\frac{z^4}{x+3y}\ge\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{y+3z+z+3x+x+3y}=\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
\(\ge\frac{3.\frac{1}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{x+y+z}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi x = y = z = 1.
C2: Áp dụng Co6si:
\(\frac{x^4}{y+3z}+\frac{y+3z}{16}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4}\ge4\sqrt[4]{\frac{x^4}{y+3z}.\frac{y+3z}{16}.\frac{1}{4}.\frac{1}{4}}=x\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^4}{y+3z}\ge x-\frac{y+3z}{16}-\frac{1}{2}\)
Tương tự \(\frac{y^4}{z+3x}\ge y-\frac{z+3x}{16}-\frac{1}{2};\frac{z^4}{x+3y}\ge z-\frac{x+3y}{16}-\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^4}{y+3z}+\frac{y^4}{z+3x}+\frac{z^4}{x+3y}\ge\frac{3}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)-\frac{3}{2}\ge\frac{3}{4}.3-\frac{3}{2}=\frac{3}{4}\)
(\(\left(x+y+z\right)^2=x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\ge xy+yz+zx+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(=3\left(xy+yz+zy\right)\ge9\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z\ge3\))
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1.
