Có: \(4x^2-3xy-y^2-p\left(3x+2y\right)=2p^2\Leftrightarrow\left(4x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)-p\left(3x+2y\right)=2p^2\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\left(3x+2y\right)+\left(x-y\right)\right]\left(x-y\right)-p\left(3x+2y\right)=2p^2\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x+2y\right)\left(x-y\right)-p\left(3x+2y\right)+\left(x-y\right)^2-p^2=p^2\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x+2y\right)\left(x-y-p\right)+\left(x-y-p\right)\left(x-y+p\right)=p^2\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y-p\right)\left(4x+y+p\right)=p^2=1.p^2\)
Do \(4x+y+p>x-y-p\)nên \(\hept{\begin{cases}x-y-p=1\left(1\right)\\4x+y+p=p^2\left(2\right)\end{cases}}\)(Do p là số nguyên tố)
Lấy (1) + (2), ta được: \(5x=p^2+1\Rightarrow5x-1=p^2\)(là số chính phương, đpcm)
