S = 40 + 41 + 42 + 43 + ........... + 435
=> 4S = 4.( 40 + 41 + 42 + 43 + ........... + 435 )
=> 4S = 41+42 + 43 + ... + 436
=> 3S = ( 41+42 + 43 + ... + 436 ) - ( 40 + 41 + 42 + 43 + ........... + 435 )
=> 3S = 436 - 40 = 436 - 1
Ta có : 436 - 1 = ( 43 )12 - 1 = 6412 - 1 < 6412
Vậy 3S < 6412
Bạn nhân 4S = 4( 40+41+......+435) = 41+42+43+......+436
Lấy 4S - S = 3S = 41+42+43+......+436- (40+41+42......+435) = 436- 1
3S = 436- 1 = (43)12-1 = 6412-1 < 6412