Ta có: \(\left(x+y\right)^5=x^5+y^5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^5-x^5-y^5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^5+5x^4y+10x^3y^2+10x^2y^3+5xy^4+y^5-x^5-y^5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x^4y+10x^3y^2+10x^2y^3+5xy^4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(5x^4y+5xy^4\right)+\left(10x^3y^2+10x^2y^3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5xy\left(x^3+y^3\right)+10x^2y^2\left(x+y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5xy\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)+10x^2y^2\left(x+y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5xy\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\)hoặc 5xy = 0 hoặc x + y = 0 hoặc \(x^2+xy+y^2=0\)
\(+)5xy=0\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\y=0\end{cases}}\)
\(+)x+y=0\Rightarrow x=-y\)(hai số đối)
\(+)x^2+xy+y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2.x.\frac{y}{2}+\frac{y^2}{4}+\frac{3y^2}{4}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\frac{y}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3y^2}{4}=0\)
Mà \(\left(x+\frac{y}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3y^2}{4}\ge0\)
(Dấu "="\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=0\))
Vậy x và y là hai số đối
