a) \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\Leftrightarrow ad=bc\)
\(\Rightarrow ad+bd=bc+bd\)
\(\Rightarrow d\left(a+b\right)=b\left(c+d\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{b}=\frac{c+d}{d}\)
b) \(ad=bc\)
\(\Rightarrow ac-ad=ac-bc\)
\(\Rightarrow a\left(c-d\right)=c\left(a-b\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a-b}=\frac{c}{c-d}\)