Ta có :
\(\frac{ab}{a+b}=\frac{bc}{b+c}=\frac{ca}{c+a}=\frac{ab-bc}{\left(a+b\right)-\left(b+c\right)}=\frac{bc-ca}{\left(b+c\right)-\left(c+a\right)}=\frac{ab-ca}{\left(a+b\right)-\left(c+a\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=c\)
\(\Rightarrow Q=\frac{ab^2+bc^2+ca^2}{a^3+b^3+c^3}=1\)