\(P=\frac{a^2}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{b^2}{\left(b+c\right)^2}+\frac{c}{4a}\)
\(P=\frac{1}{\left(1+\frac{b}{a}\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(1+\frac{c}{b}\right)}+\frac{c}{4a}\)
Ta đặt \(\frac{b}{a}=x;\frac{c}{b}=y\Rightarrow\frac{c}{a}=xy\)
\(P=\frac{1}{\left(1+x\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(1+y\right)^2}+\frac{xy}{4}\)
Lại có \(\frac{1}{\left(1+x\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(1+y\right)^2}\ge\frac{1}{xy+1}\)
Thật vậy, bđt trên tương đương với:
\(\left(xy+1\right)\left[\left(1+x\right)^2+\left(1+y\right)^2\right]\ge\left(1+x\right)^2\left(1+y\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(xy+1\right)\left(x^2+y^2+2x+2y+2\right)\ge\left(x^2+2x+1\right)\left(y^2+2y+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2y+y^2x-x^2y^2-2xy+1\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xy\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(xy-1\right)^2\ge0\)luôn đúng
Suy ra: \(P\ge\frac{1}{xy+1}+\frac{xy}{4}=\frac{1}{xy+1}+\frac{xy+1}{4}-\frac{1}{4}\)
\(P\ge2\sqrt{\frac{1}{xy+1}\frac{xy+1}{4}}-\frac{1}{4}\left(AM-GM\right)\)
\(=1-\frac{1}{4}=\frac{3}{4}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
