a) Đặt \(n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right)=n_{Mg}\) \(\Rightarrow n_{Zn}=0,3-2a\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow56a+24a+65\cdot\left(0,3-2a\right)=13\) \(\Leftrightarrow a=0,13\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,13\cdot56}{13}=56\%\\\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,13\cdot24}{13}=24\%\\\%m_{Zn}=20\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(CuO+H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
Theo các PTHH: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=n_{KL}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuO}=\dfrac{80}{80}=1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) CuO còn dư
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Cu}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=0,7\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow m_{rắn}=0,3\cdot64+0,7\cdot80=75,2\left(g\right)\)
