1
x2-y2-x+y
=(x-y)(x+y)-(x-y)
=(x-y)(x+y-1)
2
b(1-a)-x(1-a3)
=(1-a)-x(1-a)(1+a+a2)
=(1-a)(1-x-ax-xa2)
3
x4+4x2-5
=x4+4x2+4-9
=(x2+2)2_32
=(x2+2-3)(x2+2+3)
=(x2-1)(x2+5)
c6
4a2b2-(a2+b2-c2)2
=(2ab)2-(a2+b2-c2)2
=(2ab-a2-b2+c2)(2ab+a2+b2-c2)
1. \(x^2-y^2-x+y\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-1\right)\)
2. \(a^3x-ab+b-x\)
\(=\left(a^3x-x\right)-\left(ab-b\right)\)
\(=x\left(a^3-1\right)-b\left(a-1\right)\)
\(=x\left(a-1\right)\left(a^2+a+1\right)-b\left(a-1\right)\)
\(=\left(a-1\right)\left(a^2x+ax+x-b\right)\)
3. \(x^4+4x^2-5\)
\(=x^4+4x^2+4-9\)
\(=\left(x^2+2\right)^2-3^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+5\right)\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+5\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
4. \(x^3-19x+30\)
\(=x^3-5x^2+5x^2-25x+6x-30\)
\(=x^2\left(x-5\right)+5x\left(x-5\right)+6\left(x-5\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\left(x-5\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x+\frac{25}{4}-\frac{1}{4}\right)\left(x-5\right)\)
\(=\left[\left(x+\frac{5}{2}\right)^2-\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\right]\left(x-5\right)\)
\(=\left(x+3\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x-5\right)\)
5. \(ab\left(a-b\right)+bc\left(b-c\right)+ca\left(c-a\right)\)
\(=a^2b-ab^2+b^2c-bc^2+ac^2-a^2c\)
\(=ac^2-abc-a^2c+a^2b-bc^2+b^2c+abc-ab^2\)
\(=ac\left(c-b\right)-a^2\left(c-b\right)-bc\left(c-b\right)+ab\left(c-b\right)\)
\(=\left(ac-a^2-bc+ab\right)\left(c-b\right)\)
\(=\left[a\left(c-a\right)-b\left(c-a\right)\right]\left(c-b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)\)