M=3+3^2+...+3^8 (1)
3M=3^2+3^3+...+3^9 (2)
tru ve voi ve (2)cho (1) ta co:
3M-M=(3^2+3^3+...+3^9)-(3+3^2+...+3^8)
2M=3^9-3
M=(3^9-3):2
=> 3M = 32+33+34+......+39
3M-M=39-3
2M=39-3
M=(39-3)/2
\(M=3+3^2+3^2+3^3+...+3^8\)
\(\Rightarrow3M=3\left(3+3^2+3^3+...+3^8\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow3M=3^2+3^3+3^4+...3^9\)
\(\Rightarrow3M-M=\left(3^2+3^3+3^4+...+3^9\right)-\left(3+3^2+3^3+...+3^8\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2M=3^9-3\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{3^9-3}{2}\)
Vậy \(M=\frac{3^9-3}{2}\)