Từ giả thiết ta có: \(x+y+z=xyz\Rightarrow\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}=1\)
Ta có:
\(M=\frac{\left(x-1\right)+\left(y-1\right)}{y^2}-\frac{1}{y}+\frac{\left(y-1\right)+\left(z-1\right)}{z^2}-\frac{1}{z}+\frac{\left(z-1\right)+\left(x-1\right)}{x^2}-\frac{1}{x}\)
\(=\left[\frac{\left(x-1\right)}{y^2}+\frac{\left(x-1\right)}{x^2}\right]+\left[\frac{y-1}{y^2}+\frac{y-1}{z^2}\right]+\left[\frac{z-1}{z^2}+\frac{z-1}{x^2}\right]-\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}\right)+\left(y-1\right)\left(\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\right)+\left(z-1\right)\left(\frac{1}{z^2}+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{2\left(x-1\right)}{xy}+\frac{2\left(y-1\right)}{yz}+\frac{2\left(z-1\right)}{zx}-\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}-2\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}\right)=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}-2\)
Lại có:
\(\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2\ge3\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}\right)=3\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow M\ge\sqrt{3}-2\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi x=y=z=\(\sqrt{3}\)
