a) \(VT=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\) (vì a+b+c = 1)
\(=3+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{c}{b}\)
\(=3+\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{a}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{b}\right)\)
C/m BĐT phụ: \(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\ge2\) với x,y dương
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x^2+y^2\ge2xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x^2-2xy+y^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) luôn đúng
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=y\)
Áp dụng BĐT trên ta có: \(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2;\) \(\frac{a}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\ge2;\) \(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{b}\ge2\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(VT=3+\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{a}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{b}\right)\ge3+2+2+2=9\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c\)
Vậy \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge9\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c\)
