Tách riêng các cặp tính trạng :
P: \(AaBbDd\) x \(aabbDd\)
\(\rightarrow\) ( \(Aa\text{ x }aa\) ) ( \(Bb\text{ x }bb\) ) ( \(Dd\text{ x }Dd\) )
F1 : KG : ( \(\dfrac{1}{2}Aa:\dfrac{1}{2}aa\) ) ( \(\dfrac{1}{2}Bb:\dfrac{1}{2}bb\) ) ( \(\dfrac{1}{4}DD:\dfrac{2}{4}Dd:\dfrac{1}{4}dd\) )
KH : ( \(\dfrac{1}{2}trội:\dfrac{1}{2}lặn\) ) ( \(\dfrac{1}{2}trội:\dfrac{1}{2}lặn\) ) ( \(\dfrac{3}{4}trội:\dfrac{1}{4}lặn\) )
a) Tỉ lệ KH có ít nhất 2 tính trạng lặn : \(1-3.\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2.\dfrac{3}{4}-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2.\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{3}{8}\)
b) Tỉ lệ KG đồng hợp tất cả các cặp : \(\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2.\dfrac{1}{4}.2=\dfrac{1}{8}\)
Tỉ lệ KG ít nhất 2 cặp dị hợp : \(1-\dfrac{1}{8}-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2.\dfrac{1}{4}.4-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Tỉ lệ KG aabbdd : \(\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{1}{16}\)
Tỉ lệ KG AAbbDD : \(0.\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{4}=0\)
c) Tỉ lệ KG tạo thành :
- AaBbDD : \(\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{1}{16}\)
- AaBbDd : \(\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{1}{8}\)
- AaBbdd : \(\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{1}{16}\)
- AabbDD : \(\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{1}{16}\)
- AabbDd : \(\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{1}{8}\)
- Aabbdd :\(\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{1}{16}\)
- aaBbDD : \(\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{1}{16}\)
- aaBbDd : \(\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{1}{8}\)
- aaBbdd : \(\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{1}{16}\)
- aabbDD : \(\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{1}{16}\)
- aabbDd : \(\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{1}{8}\)
- aabbdd : \(\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{1}{16}\)
Tỉ lệ KH tạo thành : (cái này bn tự làm để hiểu hơn nha)(vì KH ít hơn KG nên dễ hơn)