a, Có: \(\frac{a}{c}=\frac{c}{b}=\frac{b}{d}=k\Rightarrow k^3=\frac{a}{c}.\frac{c}{b}.\frac{b}{d}=\frac{a^3}{c^3}=\frac{c^3}{b^3}=\frac{b^3}{d^3}=\frac{a^3+c^3-b^3}{c^3+b^3-d^3}=\frac{a}{d}\left(ĐPCM\right)\)
b, Thấy: I y-3 I \(\ge\)0 => VT\(\le\)42 => VP \(\le\)42
=> \(4\left(2012-x\right)^4\le42\Leftrightarrow\left(2012-x\right)^4\le10.5\)
Mặt khác với \(\forall y\in Z,\)VT \(⋮\)3
=> VP \(⋮\)3 <=> VP=0 hay x=2012
khi đó: VT=42-3I y-3I =0 <=> Iy-3I=14 <=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}y-3=-14\\y-3=14\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}y=-11\\y=17\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy nghiệm thỏa mãn là: (x,y)=(2012,-11), (2012, 17)