3.20:
a) (-28) + (-35) – 92 + (-82)
= -28 – 35 – 92 – 82
= - (28 + 35 + 92 + 82)
= - [(28 + 82) + (35 + 92)]
= - (110 + 127)
= - 237.
b) 15 – (-38) + (-55) – (+47)
= 15 + 38 – 55 – 47
= 53 – 55 – 47
= - (55 – 53) – 47
= - 2 – 47
= - (2 + 47)
= - 49
3.21:
a) (62 - 81) – (12 – 59 + 9)
= 62 – 81 – 12 + 59 – 9
= (62 – 12) – (81 + 9) + 59
= 50 – 90 + 59
= - (90 – 50) + 59
= - 40 + 59
= 59 – 40
= 19
b) 39 + (13 – 26) – (62 + 39)
= 39 + 13 – 26 – 62 – 39
= (39 – 39) – (26 + 62) + 13
= 0 – 88 + 13
= - 88 + 13
= - (88 – 13)
= - 75.
3.22
a) 32 – 34 + 36 – 38 + 40 – 42
= (32 – 34) + (36 – 38) + (40 – 42)
= - (34 – 32) – (38 – 36) – (42 – 40)
= - 2 – 2 – 2
= - (2 + 2 + 2)
= - 6.
b) 92 – (55 – 8) + (-45)
= 92 – 55 + 8 – 45
= (92 + 8) – (55 + 45)
= 100 – 100
= 0
3.23
a) 386 – (287 + 386) – (13 + 0)
= 386 – 287 – 386 – 13
= (386 – 386) – (287 + 13)
= 0 – 300
= - 300
b) 332 – (681 + 232 – 431)
= 332 – 681 – 232 + 431
= (332 – 232) – (681 – 431)
= 100 – 250
= - (250 – 100)
= - 150.
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