Bài 1: Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử
a) Ta có: \(3x\left(x-a\right)+5a^2-5ax\)
\(=3x\left(x-a\right)+5a\left(a-x\right)\)
\(=3x\left(x-a\right)-5a\left(x-a\right)\)
\(=\left(x-a\right)\left(3x-5a\right)\)
b) Ta có: \(x^3+8y^3+6x^2y+12xy^2\)
\(=x^3+3\cdot x^2\cdot2y+3\cdot x\cdot\left(2y\right)^2+\left(2y\right)^3\)
\(=\left(x+2y\right)^3\)
c) Ta có: \(3x\left(x+1\right)^2-5x^2\left(x+1\right)+7x+7\)
\(=3x\left(x+1\right)^2-5x^2\left(x+1\right)+7\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left[3x\left(x+1\right)-5x^2+7\right]\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(3x^2+3x-5x^2+7\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(-2x^2+3x+7\right)\)
f) Ta có: \(ab\left(a-b\right)+bc\left(b-c\right)+ca\left(c-a\right)\)
\(=a^2b-ab^2+b^2c-bc^2+c^2a-ca^2\)
\(=abc+a^2b-ab^2+b^2c-bc^2+c^2a-ca^2-abc\)
\(=\left(a^2b-abc\right)-\left(ab^2-b^2c\right)-\left(bc^2-ac^2\right)-\left(a^2c-abc\right)\)
\(=ab\left(a-c\right)-b^2\left(a-c\right)-c^2\left(b-a\right)-ac\left(a-b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-c\right)\left(ab-b^2\right)-c^2\left(b-a\right)+ac\left(b-a\right)\)
\(=b\left(a-c\right)\left(a-b\right)-\left(b-a\right)\left(c^2-ac\right)\)
\(=b\left(a-c\right)\left(a-b\right)+\left(a-b\right)\cdot c\cdot\left(c-a\right)\)
\(=b\left(a-c\right)\left(a-b\right)-c\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)\)
g) Ta có: \(\left(a+b+c\right)^3-a^3-b^3-c^3\)
\(=a^3+b^3+c^3+3\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)-a^3-b^3-c^3\)
\(=3\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\)
