\(2)1+1+2+2^2+\cdot\cdot\cdot+2^n=2^{101}\)
\(\Rightarrow1+2+2^2+\cdot\cdot\cdot+2^n=2^{101}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow2+2^2+2^3+\cdot\cdot\cdot+2^{n+1}=2^{102}-2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2+2^2+\cdot\cdot\cdot+2^{n+1}\right)-\left(1+2+\cdot\cdot\cdot+2^n\right)=\left(2^{102}-2\right)-\left(2^{101}-1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow2^{n+1}-1=2^{101}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow2^{n+1}=2^{101}\)
\(\Rightarrow n+1=101\)
\(\Rightarrow n=100\)
\(1)a+\left(a+2\right)+\left(a+4\right)+\left(a+6\right)+\left(a+8\right)=10075(a⋮̸2)\)
\(\Rightarrow5a+\left(2+4+6+8\right)=10075\)
\(\Rightarrow5a=10075-20\)
\(\Rightarrow5a=10055\)
\(\Rightarrow a=2011\)