`**x in NN`
`a)x+12 vdots x-4`
`=>x-4+16 vdots x-4`
`=>16 vdots x-4`
`=>x-4 in Ư(16)={+-1,+-2,+-4,+-16}`
`=>x in {3,5,6,2,20}` do `x in NN`
`b)2x+5 vdots x-1`
`=>2x-2+7 vdots x-1`
`=>7 vdots x-1`
`=>x-1 in Ư(7)={+-1,+-7}`
`=>x in {0,2,8}` do `x in NN`
`c)2x+6 vdots 2x-1`
`=>2x-1+7 vdots 2x-1`
`=>7 vdots 2x-1`
`=>2x-1 in Ư(7)={+-1,+-7}`
`=>2x in {0,2,8,-6}`
`=>x in {0,1,4}` do `x in NN`
`d)3x+7 vdots 2x-2`
`=>6x+14 vdots 2x-2`
`=>3(2x-2)+20 vdots 2x-2`
`=>2x-2 in Ư(20)={+-1,+-2,+-4,+-5,+-10,+-20}`
Vì `2x-2` là số chẵn
`=>2x-2 in {+-2,+-4,+-10,+-20}`
`=>x-1 in {+-1,+-2,+-5,+-10}`
`=>x in {0,2,3,6,11}` do `x in NN`
Thử lại ta thấy `x=0,x=2,x=6` loại
`e)5x+12 vdots x-3`
`=>5x-15+17 vdots x-3`
`=>x-3 in Ư(17)={+-1,+-17}`
`=>x in {2,4,20}` do `x in NN`
a) Ta có: \(x+12⋮x-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow16⋮x-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-4\inƯ\left(16\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-4\in\left\{1;-1;2;-2;4;-4;8;-8;16;-16\right\}\)
hay \(x\in\left\{5;3;6;2;8;0;12;-4;20;-12\right\}\)
Vậy: \(x\in\left\{0;5;3;6;2;8;20\right\}\)
b) Ta có: \(2x+5⋮x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow7⋮x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-1\in\left\{1;-1;7;-7\right\}\)
hay \(x\in\left\{2;0;8;-6\right\}\)
Vậy: \(x\in\left\{0;2;8\right\}\)
c) Ta có: \(2x+6⋮2x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow7⋮2x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-1\inƯ\left(7\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-1\in\left\{1;-1;7;-7\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x\in\left\{2;0;8;-6\right\}\)
hay \(x\in\left\{1;0;4;-3\right\}\)
Vậy: \(x\in\left\{0;1;4\right\}\)
d) Ta có: \(3x+7⋮2x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x+14⋮2x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow20⋮2x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-2\in\left\{1;-1;2;-2;4;-4;5;-5;10;-10;20;-20\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x\in\left\{3;1;4;0;6;-2;7;-3;12;-8;22;-18\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{\dfrac{3}{2};\dfrac{1}{2};2;0;3;-1;\dfrac{7}{2};-\dfrac{3}{2};6;-4;11;-9\right\}\)
Vậy: \(x\in\left\{2;0;3;6;11\right\}\)
e) Ta có: \(5x+12⋮x-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow27⋮x-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-3\in\left\{1;-1;3;-3;9;-9;27;-27\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{4;2;6;0;12;-6;30;-24\right\}\)
Vậy: \(x\in\left\{4;2;6;0;12;30\right\}\)
Giải:
a) \(x+12⋮x-4\)
\(\Rightarrow x-4+16⋮x-4\)
\(\Rightarrow16⋮x-4\)
\(\Rightarrow x-4\inƯ\left(16\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2;\pm4;\pm8;\pm16\right\}\)
Ta có bảng giá trị:
| x-4 | -16 | -8 | -4 | -2 | -1 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 8 | 16 |
| x | -12 (loại) | -4 (loại) | 0 (t/m) | 2 (t/m) | 3 (t/m) | 5 (t/m) | 6 (t/m) | 8 (t/m) | 12 (t/m) | 20 (t/m) |
Vậy \(x\in\left\{0;2;3;5;6;8;12;20\right\}\)
b) \(2x+5⋮x-1\)
\(\Rightarrow2x-2+7⋮x-1\)
\(\Rightarrow7⋮x-1\)
\(\Rightarrow x-1\inƯ\left(7\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm7\right\}\)
Ta có bảng giá trị:
| x-1 | -7 | -1 | 1 | 7 |
| x | -6 (loại) | 0 (t/m) | 2 (t/m) | 8 (t/m) |
Vậy \(x\in\left\{0;2;8\right\}\)
c) \(2x+6⋮2x-1\)
\(\Rightarrow2x-1+7⋮2x-1\)
\(\Rightarrow7⋮2x-1\)
\(\Rightarrow2x-1\inƯ\left(7\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm7\right\}\)
Ta có bảng giá trị:
| 2x-1 | -7 | -1 | 1 | 7 |
| x | -3 (loại) | 0 (t/m) | 1 (t/m) | 4 (t/m) |
Vậy \(x\in\left\{0;1;4\right\}\)
d) \(3x+7⋮2x-2\)
\(\Rightarrow6x-6+20⋮2x-2\)
\(\Rightarrow20⋮2x-2\)
\(\Rightarrow2x-2\inƯ\left(20\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm2;\pm4;\pm5;\pm10;\pm20\right\}\)
Vì \(2x-2\) là số chẵn nên \(2x-2\in\left\{\pm2;\pm4;\pm10;\pm20\right\}\)
Ta có bảng giá trị:
| 2x-2 | -20 | -10 | -4 | -2 | 2 | 4 | 10 | 20 |
| x | -9 (loại) | -4 (loại) | -1 (loại) | 0 (t/m) | 2 (t/m) | 3 (t/m) | 6 (t/m) | 11 (t/m) |
Vậy \(x\in\left\{0;2;3;6;11\right\}\)
e) \(5x+12⋮x-3\)
\(\Rightarrow5x-15+27⋮x-3\)
\(\Rightarrow27⋮x-3\)
\(\Rightarrow x-3\inƯ\left(27\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm3;\pm9;\pm27\right\}\)
Ta có bảng giá trị:
| x-3 | -27 | -9 | -3 | -1 | 1 | 3 | 9 | 27 |
| x | -24 (loại) | -6 (loại) | 0 (t/m) | 2 (t/m) | 4 (t/m) | 6 (t/m) | 12 (t/m) | 30 (t/m) |
Vậy \(x\in\left\{0;2;4;6;12;30\right\}\)
