a) Theo bài ra ta có : \(x+y+z=49\)
\(\dfrac{2x}{3}=\dfrac{3y}{4}=\dfrac{4z}{5}\Rightarrow\dfrac{12x}{18}=\dfrac{12y}{16}=\dfrac{12z}{15}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta được :
\(\dfrac{12x}{18}=\dfrac{12y}{16}=\dfrac{12z}{15}\\ =\dfrac{12x+12y+12z}{18+16+15}\\ =\dfrac{12\left(x+y+z\right)}{49}\\ =\dfrac{12\cdot49}{49}\\ =12\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{12x}{18}=12\Rightarrow12x=216\Rightarrow x=18\\\dfrac{12y}{16}=12\Rightarrow12y=192\Rightarrow y=16\\\dfrac{12z}{15}=12\Rightarrow12z=180\Rightarrow z=15\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\text{Vậy }x=18\\ y=16\\ z=15\)
b) Theo bài ra ta có : \(2x+3y-z=50\)
\(\dfrac{x-1}{2}=\dfrac{y-2}{3}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{2\left(x-1\right)}{4}=\dfrac{3\left(y-2\right)}{9}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{2x-2}{4}=\dfrac{3y-6}{9}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta được :
\(\dfrac{2x-2}{4}=\dfrac{3y-2}{9}=\dfrac{z-3}{4}=\\ \dfrac{\left(2x-2\right)+\left(3y-6\right)-\left(z-3\right)}{4+9-4}\\ =\dfrac{2x-2+3y-6-z+3}{9}\\ =\dfrac{\left(2x+3y-z\right)-\left(2+6-3\right)}{9}\\ =\dfrac{50-5}{9}\\ =\dfrac{45}{9}\\ =5\\ \)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2x-2}{4}=5\Rightarrow2x-2=20\Rightarrow2x=22\Rightarrow x=11\\\dfrac{3y-6}{9}=5\Rightarrow3y-6=45\Rightarrow3y=51\Rightarrow y=17\\\dfrac{z-3}{4}=5\Rightarrow z-3=20\Rightarrow z=23\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\text{Vậy }x=11\\ y=17\\ z=23\)
a) Ta có \(\dfrac{2x}{3}=\dfrac{3y}{4}=\dfrac{4z}{5}\Rightarrow\dfrac{2x}{3.12}=\dfrac{3y}{4.12}=\dfrac{4z}{5.12}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\dfrac{x}{18}=\dfrac{y}{16}=\dfrac{z}{15}\)
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\dfrac{x}{18}=\dfrac{y}{16}=\dfrac{z}{15}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{18+16+15}=\dfrac{49}{49}=1\)
Suy ra:
\(\dfrac{x}{18}=1\Rightarrow x=18.1=18\)
\(\dfrac{y}{16}=1\Rightarrow y=16.1=16\)
\(\dfrac{z}{15}=1\Rightarrow z=15.1=15\)
Vậy x = 18 ; y = 16 ; z = 15
