Ta có :
<=> u3 - 3u - 2 \(\le\) v3 - 3v + 2 <=> ( u + 1 )2( u - 2 ) \(\le\) ( v - 1 )2( v + 2 )
Đặt x = u + 1 , y = v -1 thì :
BĐT <=> x3 - 3x2 \(\le\) y3 + 3y2 <=> x3 - y3 \(\le\) 3(x2 + y2)
Ta có : x - y = ( u - v ) + 2 \(\le\)2
=> ( x - y ) ( x2 + xy + y2 ) \(\le\)2( x2 + xy + y2) = 2(x2 + y2) + 2xy \(\le\) 2(x2 + y2) + ( x2 + y2 ) = 3(x2 + y2 ) => x3 - y3 \(\le\) 3(x2 +y2 ) ( đpcm)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi <=> x = y = 0 <=> u = -1 ; v = 1