Cu + HCl → X
Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2 (1)
\(n_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{28,5}{95}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
a) Theo PT1: \(n_{Mg}=n_{MgCl_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Mg}=0,3\times24=7,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{7,2}{16,8}\times100\%=42,86\%\)
\(m_{Cu}=16,8-7,2=9,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{9,6}{16,8}\times100\%=57,14\%\)
b) Theo Pt1: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}=2\times0,3=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,3\times36,5=10,95\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{10,95}{7,3\%}=150\left(g\right)\)
Khi cho hỗn hợp gồm Cu và Mg tác dụng hết vs dd HCl chỉ có Mg p/ứ
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl\(\rightarrow\)MgCl2+H2
=> Muối tạo thành là MgCl2
\(n_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{28,5}{95}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
=> Theo PT: n_Mg=n_MgCl2=0,3 (mol)
=>m_Mg=0,3.24=7,2 (g)
=>m_Cu=16,8-7,2=9,6 (g)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{7,2}{16,8}.100=42,86\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}=100-42,86=57,14\%\)
Theo PT: n_HCl=2n_MgCl2=0,6 (mol)
=> m_HCl=0,6.36,5=21,9 (g)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{21,9.100}{7,3}=300\left(g\right)\)