Bài 1. Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử:
a) a^2-b^2-2a+2b
b) 3x-3y-5x(y-x)
c) (x-y+4)^2 - (2x+3y-1)^2
d)16-x^2+4xy-4y^2
e)(x+3)^3 + (x-3)^3
f) x^4 + x^3 + 2x^2 +x +1
g) 9x^2- 3xy+y-6x+1
h) x^3 - 4x^2+12x-27
Bài 2: Cho x+y+z =0. C/m rằng x^3+ x^2z+y^2z-xyz+y^3=0
Bài 3. Tìm số tự nhiên n đẻ giá trị của biểu thức sau là 1 số nguyên tố
P=(n^2-3)^2 +16
Bài 1:
a) Ta có: \(a^2-b^2-2a+2b\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)-2\left(a-b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b-2\right)\)
b) Ta có: \(3x-3y-5x\left(y-x\right)\)
\(=3\left(x-y\right)+5x\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(3+5x\right)\)
c) Ta có: \(\left(x-y+4\right)^2-\left(2x+3y-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-y+4-2x-3y+1\right)\left(x-y+4+2x+3y-1\right)\)
\(=\left(-x-2y+5\right)\left(3x+2y+3\right)\)
d) Ta có: \(16-x^2+4xy-4y^2\)
\(=16-\left(x^2-4xy+4y^2\right)\)
\(=16-\left(x-2y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(4-x+2y\right)\left(4+x-2y\right)\)
e) Ta có: \(\left(x+3\right)^3+\left(x-3\right)^3\)
\(=\left(x+3+x-3\right)\left[\left(x+3\right)^2-\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3\right)+\left(x-3\right)^2\right]\)
\(=2x\cdot\left(x^2+6x+9-x^2+9+x^2-6x+9\right)\)
\(=2x\cdot\left(x^2+27\right)\)
f) Ta có: \(x^4+x^3+2x^2+x+1\)
\(=\left(x^4+2x^2+1\right)+\left(x^3+x\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+1\right)^2+x\left(x^2+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^2+1+x\right)\)
g) Ta có: \(9x^2-3xy+y-6x+1\)
\(=\left(9x^2-6x+1\right)-\left(3xy-y\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-1\right)^2-y\left(3x-1\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-1\right)\left(3x-1-y\right)\)
h) Ta có: \(x^3-4x^2+12x-27\)
\(=\left(x^3-27\right)-4x\left(x-3\right)\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+3x+9\right)-4x\left(x-3\right)\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+3x+9-4x\right)\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2-x+9\right)\)
Bài 2:
Ta có: \(x^3+x^2z+y^2z-xyz+y^3\)
\(=\left(x^3+y^3\right)+z\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)+z\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=0\cdot\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)=0\)(đpcm)
