a) -25x6 - y8 + 10x3y4 = -25x6 + 10x3y4 - y8
= - ( 25x6 - 10x3y4 + y8 )
= - [ ( 5x3 )2 - 2 . 5x3y4 + ( y4 )2 ]
= - ( 5x3 - y4 )2
b) \(\dfrac{1}{4}\)x2 - 5xy + 25y2 = (\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)x)2 - 2 . \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) x . 5y + ( 5y )2
= (\(\dfrac{1}{2}\) x - 5y )2
c) ( x - 5 )2 - 16 = ( x - 5 )2 - 42
= ( x - 5 - 4 ) . ( x - 5 + 4 )
= ( x - 9 ) . ( x - 1 )
d) 25 - ( 3 - x )2 = 52 - ( 3 - x )2
= ( 5 - 3 + x ) . ( 5 + 3 - x )
= ( x + 2 ) . ( 8 - x )