Bài 1:
\(a^2+b^2+1\ge ab+a+b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2\ge2ab+2a+2b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2-2ab-2a-2b\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(a^2-2a+1\right)+\left(b^2-2b+1\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2\ge0\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=1\)
Bài 2:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge\left(x+y+z\right)^2=1^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Bài 3:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(\left(4+1\right)\left(4x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(4x+y\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow5\left(4x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(4x+y\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow5\left(4x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(4x+y\right)^2=1^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow4x^2+y^2\ge\dfrac{1}{5}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
