Bài 1 : a, \(A=1+3+3^2+...+3^{118}+3^{119}\)
\(A=\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+\left(3^{116}+3^{117}+3^{118}+3^{119}\right)\)
\(A=\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+3^{116}\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)\)
\(A=1.30+...+3^{116}.30=\left(1+...+3^{116}\right).30⋮3\)
Vậy \(A⋮3\)
b, \(B=16^5+2^{15}=\left(2.8\right)^5+2^{15}\)
\(=2^5.8^5+2^{15}=2^5.\left(2^3\right)^5+2^{15}\)
\(=2^5.2^{15}+2^{15}.1=2^{15}\left(32+1\right)=2^{15}.33⋮33\)
Vậy \(B⋮33\)
c, Tương tự câu a nhưng nhóm 2 số
Bài 2 : a, \(n+2⋮n-1\) ; Mà : \(n-1⋮n-1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(n+2\right)-\left(n-1\right)⋮n-1\)
\(\Rightarrow n+2-n+1⋮n-1\Rightarrow3⋮n-1\)
\(\Rightarrow n-1\in\left\{1;3\right\}\Rightarrow n\in\left\{2;4\right\}\)
Vậy \(n\in\left\{2;4\right\}\) thỏa mãn đề bài
b, \(2n+7⋮n+1\)
Mà : \(n+1⋮n+1\Rightarrow2\left(n+1\right)⋮n+1\Rightarrow2n+2⋮n+1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2n+7\right)-\left(2n+2\right)⋮n+1\)
\(\Rightarrow2n+7-2n-2⋮n+1\Rightarrow5⋮n+1\)
\(\Rightarrow n+1\in\left\{1;5\right\}\Rightarrow n\in\left\{0;4\right\}\)
Vậy \(n\in\left\{0;4\right\}\) thỏa mãn đề bài
c, tương tự phần b
d, Vì : \(4n+3⋮2n+6\)
Mà : \(2n+6⋮2n+6\Rightarrow2\left(2n+6\right)⋮2n+6\Rightarrow4n+12⋮2n+6\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(4n+12\right)-\left(4n+3\right)⋮2n+6\)
\(\Rightarrow4n+12-4n-3⋮2n+6\Rightarrow9⋮2n+6\)
\(\Rightarrow2n+6\in\left\{1;2;9\right\}\Rightarrow2n=3\Rightarrow n\in\varnothing\)
Vậy \(n\in\varnothing\)