ĐK: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge1\\y\ge4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho 2 số không âm, ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y\sqrt{1\left(x-1\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1+x-1\right)y=\dfrac{1}{2}xy\\x\sqrt{4\left(y-4\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(4+y-4\right)x=\dfrac{1}{2}xy\Rightarrow x\sqrt{y-4}\le\dfrac{1}{4}xy\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=8\end{matrix}\right.\)