Bài 1: Giải trâu biến đổi tương đương với tử mẫu các phân thức đều dương:
\(\frac{1}{1+x^2}+\frac{1}{1+y^2}\ge\frac{2}{1+xy}\Leftrightarrow\frac{2+x^2+y^2}{\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)}\ge\frac{2}{1+xy}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2+x^2+y^2\right)\left(1+xy\right)\ge2\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1+xy+\left(1+x^2+y^2\right)\left(1+xy\right)\ge2\left(1+x^2+y^2\right)+2x^2y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1+x^2+y^2\right)\left(xy-1\right)+1+xy-2x^2y^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1+x^2+y^2\right)\left(xy-1\right)-\left(xy-1\right)\left(2xy+1\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(xy-1\right)\left(x^2+y^2-2xy\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(xy-1\right)\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng \(\forall xy\ge1\))
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y\) hoặc \(xy=1\)
Bài 2:
Với \(x\ne0\) ta có:
\(2x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{y^2}{4}=x^2-2.x.\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x^2}+2+x^2-2.x.\frac{y}{2}+\left(\frac{y}{2}\right)^2+xy\)
\(=\left(x-\frac{1}{x}\right)^2+\left(x-\frac{y}{2}\right)^2+xy+2\ge xy+2\)
\(\Rightarrow xy+2\le4\Rightarrow xy\le2\)
\(\Rightarrow xy_{max}=2\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-\frac{1}{x}=0\\x-\frac{y}{2}=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\) hoặc \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 1: cách khác:
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{1+x^2}-\frac{1}{1+xy}+\frac{1}{1+y^2}-\frac{1}{1+xy}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1+xy-1-x^2}{\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+xy\right)}+\frac{1+xy-1-y^2}{\left(1+y^2\right)\left(1+xy\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(xy-x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)+\left(xy-y^2\right)\left(1+x^2\right)}{\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)\left(1+xy\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow-x\left(x-y\right)\left(1+y^2\right)+y\left(x-y\right)\left(1+x^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(-x-xy^2+y+x^2y\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\left(xy-1\right)\ge0\left(LĐ\forall xy\ge1\right)\)
