Xét M= \(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+d}+\frac{c}{a+d}+\frac{d}{a+b}\)
=\(\frac{a\left(a+d\right)+c\left(b+c\right)}{\left(a+d\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{b\left(a+b\right)+d\left(c+d\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(c+d\right)}\)
Với x,y>0 có: \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\)
<=>\(\frac{x+y}{xy}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\)
<=>\(\frac{1}{xy}\ge\frac{4}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\)(1) .Dấu "=" xảy ra <=>x=y>0
Áp dụng bđt (1) có:
\(\frac{a\left(a+d\right)+c\left(b+c\right)}{\left(a+d\right)\left(b+c\right)}\ge\frac{4\left(a^2+ad+bc+c^2\right)}{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}\)
\(\frac{b\left(a+b\right)+d\left(c+d\right)}{\left(c+d\right)\left(a+b\right)}\ge\frac{4\left(ab+b^2+dc+d^2\right)}{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}\)
Cộng vế với vế có: \(M\ge\frac{4\left(a^2+ad+bc+c^2+ab+b^2+dc+d^2\right)}{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}\)
Có \(2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+ad+bc+ab+cd\right)-\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2\)
=\(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2-2ac-2db=\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(b-d\right)^2\ge0\)
=>\(2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+ad+bc+ab+cd\right)\ge\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2\)
<=>\(\frac{4\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2+ab+bc+cd+ad\right)}{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}\ge2\)
hay \(M\ge2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b=c=d>0
