Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2020=c\\2019=d\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{c}{a+b}+\frac{a}{b+d}+\frac{b}{c+d}+\frac{d}{a+c}=\frac{c^2}{ac+bc}+\frac{a^2}{ab+ad}+\frac{b^2}{bc+bd}+\frac{d^2}{ad+cd}\)
\(P\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}{ac+ab+bd+cd+2ad+2bc}=\frac{\left(a+d+b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+d\right)\left(b+c\right)+2ad+2bc}\)
\(P\ge\frac{\left(a+d\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+2\left(a+d\right)\left(b+c\right)}{\left(a+d\right)\left(b+c\right)+2ad+2bc}\ge\frac{4ad+4bc+2\left(a+d\right)\left(b+c\right)}{\left(a+d\right)\left(b+c\right)+2ad+2bc}=2\)
\(P_{min}=2\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=d\\b=c\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2019\\b=2020\end{matrix}\right.\)
