Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(\left(1+4\right)\left(a^2+4b^2\right)\ge\left(a+4b\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow5\left(a^2+4b^2\right)\ge\left(a+4b\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow5\left(a^2+4b^2\right)\ge\left(a+4b\right)^2=1^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow5\left(a^2+4b^2\right)\ge1\Rightarrow a^2+4b^2\ge\dfrac{1}{5}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=\dfrac{1}{5}\)