a) PTHH: Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2
b) nZn=6,5:65=0,1(mol)
Theo pt ta có: nH2 =nZn=0,1(mol)
-> VH2=0,1.22,4=2,24(l)
a,Ta có pthh
Zn +2HCl \(\rightarrow\) ZnCl2 + H2
b, Theo đề bài ta có
nZn=\(\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
mct=mHCl=\(\dfrac{m\text{dd}.C\%}{100\%}=\dfrac{100.14,6\%}{100\%}=14,6\left(g\right)\)
-> nHCl=\(\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pthh
nZn=\(\dfrac{0,1}{1}mol< nHCl=\dfrac{0,4}{2}mol\)
-> Số mol của HCl dư ( tính theo số mol của Zn)
Theo pthh
nH2=nZn=0,1 mol
-> VH2\(_{\left(\text{đ}ktc\right)}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
c, Theo pthh
nZnCl2=nZn=0,1 mol
-> mct=mZnCl2=0,1 . 136=13,6 g
nHCl=2nZn=2.0,1=0,2 mol
-> mct=mHCl(d\(_{\text{ư}}\)) = (0,4-0,2).36,5=7,3 g
mddZnCl2=mZn + mddHCl - mH2 = 6,5 +100 -0,1.2=106,3 g
\(\Rightarrow\) Nồng độ % của các chất trong DD thu được sau phản ứng là :
C%\(_{ZnCl2}=\dfrac{mct}{m\text{dd}}.100\%=\dfrac{13,6}{106,3}.100\%\approx12,794\%\)
C%HCl\(_{\left(d\text{ư}\right)}=\dfrac{mct}{m\text{dd}}.100\%=\dfrac{7,3}{106,3}.100\%\approx6,87\%\)
a, PTHH: Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2
b, Ta có:\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6.100}{100}=14,6\left(g\right)\\ =>n_{HCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ =>\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{2}\)
=> HCl dư, Zn hết nên tính theo nZn
=> \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ =>V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
c, Chất có trong dd sau khi phản ứng kết thúc là HCl và ZnCl2.
Ta có: \(m_{H_2}=0,1.2=0,2\left(g\right)\\ n_{HCl\left(f.ứ\right)}=2.0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ =>n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,4-0,2=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ =>m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\\ m_{ZnCl_2}=0,1.136=13,6\left(g\right)\\ \)
=> \(m_{dd-sau=f.ứ}=6,5+100-0,2=106,3\left(g\right)\)
=> \(C\%_{ddHCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{7,3}{106,3}.100\approx6,867\%\\ C\%_{ddZnCl_2}=\dfrac{13,6}{106,3}.100\approx12,794\%\)
a) PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2 b) Ta có: nZn = \(\dfrac{6,5}{65}\) = 0,1 mol. mHCl = 100 * 14,6% = 14,6 g. => nHCl = \(\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}\) = 0,4 mol. Vì \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,4}{2}\) => HCl dư. Theo PT: nH2 = nZn = 0,1 mol. => VH2 = 0,1 x 22,4 = 2,24 l. c) Áp dụng định luật bảo toàn KL mZn + mHCl = mdd sau p/ứ+ mH2. => mdd sau p/ứ = 6,5 + 100 - 0,1x2 = 106,3 g. => C% của ZnCl2 = \(\dfrac{0,1\times136}{106,3}\times100\%\) = 12,8%. C% của HCl dư = \(\dfrac{\left(0,4-0,2\right)\times36,5}{106,3}\times100\%\) = 6,9%
a) \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
b) \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=\dfrac{m_{dd}\cdot C\%}{100\%}=\dfrac{100\cdot14,6}{100}=14,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Lập tỉ lệ :
\(\dfrac{n_{Zn}}{1}=\dfrac{0,1}{1}=0,1\)
\(\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}=\dfrac{0,4}{2}=0,2\)
Ta thấy : \(\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}>\dfrac{n_{Zn}}{1}\left(0,2>0,1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\) HCl dư
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=n\cdot22,4=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
c ) \(n_{HClpu}=n_{Zn}\cdot\dfrac{2}{1}=0,1\cdot\dfrac{2}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{HCldu}=0,4-0,2=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCldu}=n\cdot M=0,2\cdot36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ZnCl_2}=n\cdot M=0,1\cdot136=13,6\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2}=0,1\cdot2=0,2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddsaupu}=m_{Zn}+m_{HCl}-m_{H_2}=6,5+100-0,2=106,3\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{HCldu}=\dfrac{7,3\cdot100\%}{106,3}=6,87\%\)
\(C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{13,6\cdot100\%}{106,3}=12,79\%\)
a) PTHH: Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2
b) nZn=6,5:65=0,1(mol)
Theo pt ta có: nH2 =nZn=0,1(mol)
-> VH2=0,1.22,4=2,24(l)