1.
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-3x+1+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{3}\sqrt{\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}=0\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^2+x+1}=a>0\\\sqrt{x^2-x+1}=b>0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow2b^2-a^2+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{3}ab=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{3}b-a\right)\left(2b+\sqrt{3}a\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=\sqrt{3}b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2+x+1}=\sqrt{3}.\sqrt{x^2-x+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x+1=3x^2-3x+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-4x+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
Bài 2:
Đặt \(AB=x>0\)
\(AG=\dfrac{1}{2}BC=\dfrac{1}{2}\sqrt{a^2+x^2}\)
\(CG=\dfrac{2}{3}\sqrt{\left(\dfrac{AB}{2}\right)^2+AC^2}=\dfrac{2}{3}\sqrt{\dfrac{x^2}{4}+a^2}\)
\(BG=\dfrac{2}{3}\sqrt{AB^2+\left(\dfrac{AC}{2}\right)^2}=\dfrac{2}{3}\sqrt{x^2+\dfrac{a^2}{4}}\)
Ta có:
\(\overrightarrow{GA}+\overrightarrow{GB}+\overrightarrow{GC}=\overrightarrow{0}\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{GB}+\overrightarrow{GC}=\overrightarrow{AG}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow GB^2+GC^2+2GB.GC.cos\left(\overrightarrow{GB};\overrightarrow{GC}\right)=AG^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow cos\left(\overrightarrow{GB};\overrightarrow{GC}\right)=\dfrac{AG^2-BG^2-CG^2}{2GB.GC}\)
\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{a^2+x^2}{4}-\left[\dfrac{4}{9}\left(\dfrac{x^2}{4}+a^2\right)+\dfrac{4}{9}\left(\dfrac{a^2}{4}+x^2\right)\right]}{\dfrac{2}{9}\sqrt{\left(a^2+4x^2\right)\left(x^2+4a^2\right)}}\)
\(=-\dfrac{11}{4}.\dfrac{x^2+a^2}{2\sqrt{\left(a^2+4x^2\right)\left(x^2+4a^2\right)}}\le-\dfrac{11}{4}.\dfrac{x^2+a^2}{5\left(x^2+a^2\right)}=-\dfrac{11}{20}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=x\Leftrightarrow AB=a\)
