\(A=\dfrac{3}{\left(1.2\right)^2}+\dfrac{5}{\left(2.3\right)^2}+...+\dfrac{2n+1}{\left[n\left(n+1\right)\right]^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{1.4}+\dfrac{5}{4.9}+...+\dfrac{2n+1}{n^2\left(n^2+2n+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{9}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2}-\dfrac{1}{n^2+2n+1}\)
\(=1-\dfrac{1}{n^2+2n+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{n^2+2n}{n^2+2n+1}=\dfrac{n\left(n+2\right)}{\left(n+1\right)^2}\)
Xét thừa số tổng quát:
\(\dfrac{k}{\left(\dfrac{k-1}{2}.\dfrac{k+1}{2}\right)^2}\)\(=\dfrac{k}{\left(\dfrac{\left(k-1\right)\left(k+1\right)}{4}\right)^2}=\dfrac{k}{\left(\dfrac{\left(k-1\right)\left(k+1\right)}{4}\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{k}{\dfrac{\left[\left(k-1\right)\left(k+1\right)\right]^2}{16}}=\dfrac{k}{\dfrac{\left(k^2-1\right)^2}{16}}=\dfrac{16k}{\left(k^2-1\right)^2}\)
Thay \(k=3;5;....2n+1\) ta được:
\(\dfrac{16.3}{\left(3^2-1\right)^2}+\dfrac{16.5}{\left(5^2-1\right)^2}+....+\dfrac{16.n}{\left(n^2-1\right)^2}\)
\(=16.\left(\dfrac{3}{\left(3^2-1\right)^2}+\dfrac{5}{\left(5^2-1\right)^2}+...+\dfrac{n}{\left(n^2-1\right)^2}\right)\)
\(=16.\left(\dfrac{3}{\left[\left(3-1\right)\left(3+1\right)\right]^2}+\dfrac{5}{\left[\left(5-1\right)\left(5+1\right)\right]^2}+...+\dfrac{n}{\left[\left(n-1\right)\left(n+1\right)\right]^2}\right)\)
\(=16.\left(\dfrac{3}{4.16}+\dfrac{5}{16.36}+...+\dfrac{n}{\left(n-1\right)^2.\left(n+1\right)^2}\right)\)
\(=4.\left(\dfrac{12}{4.16}+\dfrac{20}{16.36}+...+\dfrac{4n}{\left(n-1\right)^2.\left(n+1\right)^2}\right)\)
\(=4.\left(\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{16}+\dfrac{1}{16}-\dfrac{1}{36}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)^2}-\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)^2}\right)\)
\(=4.\left(\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)^2}\right)\)
\(=4.\left(\dfrac{\left(n+1\right)^2}{4\left(n+1\right)^2}-\dfrac{4}{4\left(n+1\right)^2}\right)\)
\(=4.\left(\dfrac{\left(n+1\right)^2-4}{4\left(n+1\right)^2}\right)=\dfrac{4\left(n+1\right)^2-16}{4\left(n+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{4\left[\left(n+1\right)^2-4\right]}{4\left(n+1\right)^2}=\dfrac{\left(n+1\right)^2-4}{\left(n+1\right)^2}\)
Chúc bạn học tốt!!!
