Ta có : \(\overline{ab}-\overline{ba}=72\Rightarrow\left(10a+b\right)-\left(10b+a\right)=72\)

\(\Rightarrow10a+b-10b-a=72\)

\(\Rightarrow10a-10b+b-a=72\)

\(\Rightarrow10\left(a-b\right)-a+b=72\)

\(\Rightarrow10\left(a-b\right)-\left(a-b\right)=72\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(10-1\right)\left(a-b\right)=72\Rightarrow9\left(a-b\right)=72\)

\(\Rightarrow a-b=72\div9\Rightarrow a-b=8\)

Vì : a,b là chữ số \(\Rightarrow0< a,b\le9\)

Mà : a - b = 8 \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=9\\b=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy số tự nhiên \(\overline{ab}\) cần tìm là 91

Đặt A = \(\dfrac{1}{4^2}+\dfrac{1}{6^2}+\dfrac{1}{8^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(2n\right)^2}\)

\(A=\dfrac{1}{2^2}\left(\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2}\right)\)

Đặt \(B=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2}\)

Ta có :

\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2}\) ( vì 1 > 0 ; 0 < 1.2 < 2² )

\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}< \dfrac{1}{2.3}\) ( vì 1 > 0 ; 0 < 2.3 < 3² )

\(\dfrac{1}{4^2}< \dfrac{1}{3.4}\) ( vì 1 > 0 ; 0 < 3.4 < 4² )

...

\(\dfrac{1}{n^2}< \dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\) ( vì 1 > 0 ; 0 < ( n - 1 ) n < n² )

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{n^2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{\left(n-1\right)n}\)

\(\Rightarrow B< 1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{n-1}-\dfrac{1}{n}\)

\(\Rightarrow B< 1-\dfrac{1}{n}< 1\Rightarrow A< 1.\dfrac{1}{4}\Rightarrow A< \dfrac{1}{4}\)

Ta có : ƯCLN(a,b) . BCNN(a,b) = a.b

\(\Rightarrow a.b=336.12=4032\)

Vì ƯCLN (a,b) = 12

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=12k\\b=12q\end{matrix}\right.\left(ƯCLN\left(k,q\right)=1;k>q\right)\)

Mà : a.b = 4032

\(\Rightarrow12k.12q=4032\Rightarrow\left(12.12\right)\left(k.q\right)=4032\)

\(\Rightarrow144.k.q=4032\Rightarrow k.q=28\)

+) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}k=28\\q=1\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=28.12\\b=1.12\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=336\\b=12\end{matrix}\right.\)

+) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}k=14\\q=2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=14.12\\b=12.2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=168\\b=24\end{matrix}\right.\)

+) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}k=7\\q=4\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=7.12\\b=4.12\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=84\\b=48\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy a = 336 ; b = 12

a = 168 ; b = 24

a = 84 ; b = 48

Vì ƯCLN(a,b) = 28

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=28k\\b=28q\end{matrix}\right.\)( ƯCLN(k.q)=1 , k > q )

Mà : \(a+b=224\) \(\Rightarrow28k+28q=224\)

\(\Rightarrow28\left(k+q\right)=224\Rightarrow k+q=224\div28=8\)

Mà : k > q

+) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}k=7\\q=1\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=28.7\\b=28.1\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=196\\b=28\end{matrix}\right.\)

+) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}k=6\\q=2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=28.6\\b=2.28\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=168\\b=56\end{matrix}\right.\)

+) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}k=5\\q=3\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=28.5\\b=28.3\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=140\\b=84\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy a = 196 ; b = 28

a = 168 ; b = 56

a = 140 ; b = 84

Để : \(\overline{87ab}⋮9\Rightarrow\left(8+7+a+b\right)⋮9\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(15+a+b\right)⋮9\Rightarrow9+\left(6+a+b\right)⋮9\)

Vì \(9⋮9\Rightarrow6+a+b⋮9\)

\(\Rightarrow a+b=3\) hoặc \(a+b=12\)

Mà : a - b = 4

+) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=3\\a-b=4\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a\in\varnothing\\b\in\varnothing\end{matrix}\right.\)

+) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=12\\a-b=4\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=8\\b=4\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy a = 8 ; b = 4 thỏa mãn đề bài

Ta xét hai trường hợp

Nếu n chia hết cho 2 \(\Rightarrow n=2k\left(k\in n\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(n+3\right)\left(n+6\right)=\left(2k+3\right)\left(2k+6\right)\)

\(=2k.2k+2k.6+3.2k+3.6\)

\(=2k^2+2k.6+2k.3+2.9\)

\(=2\left(k^2+6k+3k+9\right)⋮2\)

Nếu n chia cho 2 dư 1 \(\Rightarrow n=2k+1\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(2k+1+3\right)\left(2k+1+6\right)=\left(2k+4\right)\left(2k+7\right)\)

\(=2k.2k+2k.7+2k.4+4.7\)

\(=2k^2+2k.7+2k.4+2.14=2\left(k^2+7k+4k+14\right)⋮2\)

Vậy \(\left(n+3\right)\left(n+6\right)⋮2\left(n\in N\right)\)

Ta có : \(\overline{ab}-\overline{ba}=\left(10a+b\right)-\left(10b+a\right)\)

\(=10a+b-10b-a=10a-10b+b-a\)

\(=10\left(a-b\right)-\left(a-b\right)=\left(10-1\right)\left(a-b\right)=9\left(a-b\right)⋮9\)

( Vì \(9⋮9\) ; \(a\ge b\) ) \(\Rightarrow\overline{ab}-\overline{ba}⋮9\)

Vậy \(\overline{ab}-\overline{ba}⋮9\)

Gọi hai số đó là a và b \(\left(a,b\in N;a\ge b\right)\)

Ta có : \(a=7k+r\left(k\in N\right)\)

\(b=7q+r\left(q\in N\right)\)

( trong đó : \(r\in\left\{0;1;2;...\right\};k\ge q\) )

\(\Rightarrow a-b=\left(7k+r\right)-\left(7q+r\right)\)

\(=7k+r-7q-r=7k-7q+r-r\)

\(=7\left(k-q\right)+0=7\left(k-q\right)⋮7\)

Vì \(7⋮7\) ; \(k,q\in N,k\ge q\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(7k+r\right)-\left(7q+r\right)⋮7\Rightarrow a-b⋮7\)

Vậy \(a-b⋮7\)

Gọi số có hai chữ số đó là \(\overline{ab}\left(0\le b\le a;a\ne0\right)\)

Ta có : \(\overline{ab}+\overline{ba}=\left(10a+b\right)+\left(10b+a\right)\)

\(=10a+10b+a+b=10\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+b\right)\)

\(=\left(a+b\right)\left(10+1\right)=\left(a+b\right).11⋮11\)

\(\Rightarrow\overline{ab}+\overline{ba}⋮11\)

Vậy \(\overline{ab}+\overline{ba}⋮11\)

Ta có : \(\overline{abcabc}=\overline{abc}.1001=\overline{abc}.11.91⋮11\)

\(\Rightarrow\overline{abcabc}⋮11\)