Lời giải:
\(A=\frac{(2^3+1)(3^3+1)....(1000^3+1)}{(2^3-1)(3^3-1)....(1000^3-1)}=\frac{(2+1)(2^2-2+1)(3+1)(3^2-3+1)....(1000+1)(1000^2-1000+1)}{(2-1)(2^2+2+1)(3-1)(3^2+3+1)...(1000-1)(1000^2+1000+1)}\)
\(=\frac{(2+1)(3+1)...(1000+1)}{(2-1)(3-1)...(1000-1)}.\frac{(2^2-2+1)(3^2-3+1)...(1000^2-1000+1)}{(2^2+2+1)(3^2+3+1)...(1000^2+1000+1)}\)
\(=\frac{1000.1001}{2}.\frac{(2^2-2+1)(3^2-3+1)....(1000^2-1000+1)}{(2^2+2+1)(3^2+3+1)....(1000^2+1000+1)}\)
Ta thấy: \(n^2-n+1=(n^2-2n+1)+n=(n-1)^2+(n-1)+1\)
\(\Rightarrow 3^2-3+1=2^2+2+1\)
\(4^2-4+1=3^2+3+1\)
......
\(1000^2-1000+1=999^2+999+1\)
\(\Rightarrow (3^2-3+1)(4^2-4+1)...(1000^2-1000+1)=(2^2+2+1)(3^2+3+1)...(999^2+999+1)\)
Do đó: \(A=\frac{1000.1001}{2}.\frac{2^2-2+1}{1000^2+1000+1}=\frac{3}{2}.\frac{1000.1001}{1000(1000+1)+1}=\frac{3}{2}.\frac{1000.1001}{1000.1001+1}< \frac{3}{2}\)
