a/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge1\)
Khi \(x\ge1\) ta thấy \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}VT>0\\VP=1-x\le0\end{matrix}\right.\) nên pt vô nghiệm
b/ \(x\ge1\)
\(\sqrt{\sqrt{x-1}\left(x-2\sqrt{x-1}\right)}+\sqrt{\sqrt{x-1}\left(x+3-4\sqrt{x-1}\right)}=\sqrt{x-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\sqrt{x-1}\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\sqrt{x-1}\left(\sqrt{x-1}-2\right)^2}=\sqrt{x-1}\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x-1}=a\ge0\) ta được:
\(\sqrt{a\left(a-1\right)^2}+\sqrt{a\left(a-2\right)^2}=a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=0\Rightarrow x=1\\\sqrt{\left(a-1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(a-2\right)^2}=\sqrt{a}\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|a-1\right|+\left|a-2\right|=\sqrt{a}\)
- Với \(a\ge2\) ta được: \(2a-3=\sqrt{a}\Leftrightarrow2a-\sqrt{a}-3=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{a}=-1\left(l\right)\\\sqrt{a}=\frac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a=\frac{9}{4}\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-1}=\frac{9}{4}\Rightarrow...\)
- Với \(0\le a\le1\) ta được:
\(1-a+2-a=\sqrt{a}\Leftrightarrow2a+\sqrt{a}-3=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=1\\a=-\frac{3}{2}\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-1}=1\Rightarrow...\)
- Với \(1< a< 2\Rightarrow a-1+2-a=\sqrt{a}\Leftrightarrow a=1\left(l\right)\)
c/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge\frac{49}{14}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{14x-49+14\sqrt{14x-49}+49}+\sqrt{14x-49-14\sqrt{14x-49}+49}=14\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{14x-49}+7\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{14x-49}-7\right)^2}=14\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|\sqrt{14x-49}+7\right|+\left|7-\sqrt{14x-49}\right|=14\)
Mà \(VT\ge\left|\sqrt{14x-49}+7+7-\sqrt{14x-49}\right|=14\)
Nên dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi:
\(7-\sqrt{14x-49}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow14x-49\le49\Leftrightarrow x\le7\)
Vậy nghiệm của pt là \(\frac{49}{14}\le x\le7\)
d/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2x-1}-1\right)^2}-2\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2x-1}-2\right)^2}+3\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2x-1}-3\right)^2}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|\sqrt{2x-1}-1\right|-2\left|\sqrt{2x-1}-2\right|+3\left|\sqrt{2x-1}-3\right|=4\)
TH1: \(\sqrt{2x-1}\ge3\Rightarrow x\ge5\)
\(\sqrt{2x-1}-1-2\sqrt{2x-1}+4+3\sqrt{2x-1}-9=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-1}=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=13\)
TH2: \(2\le\sqrt{2x-1}< 3\Rightarrow\frac{5}{2}\le x< 5\)
\(\sqrt{2x-1}-1-2\sqrt{2x-1}+4+3\left(3-\sqrt{2x-1}\right)=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-1}=2\Rightarrow x=\frac{5}{2}\)
TH3: \(1\le\sqrt{2x-1}< 2\Rightarrow1\le x< \frac{5}{2}\)
\(\sqrt{2x-1}-1-2\left(2-\sqrt{2x-1}\right)+3\left(3-\sqrt{2x-1}\right)=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4=4\) (luôn đúng)
TH4: \(\frac{1}{2}\le x< 1\)
\(1-\sqrt{2x-1}-2\left(2-\sqrt{2x-1}\right)+3\left(3-\sqrt{2x-1}\right)=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-1}=1\Rightarrow x=1\left(l\right)\)
Vậy nghiệm của pt là: \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}1\le x\le\frac{5}{2}\\x=13\end{matrix}\right.\)
