Câu a :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x^2+1\right)\left(y^2+1\right)=10\\\left(x+y\right)\left(xy-1\right)=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2y^2+x^2+y^2=9\\\left(x+y\right)\left(xy-1\right)=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(x+y=S\) ; \(xy=P\) , phương trình trở thành :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}S^2-2P+P^2=9\\S\left(P-1\right)=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(\dfrac{3}{P-1}\right)^2-2P+P^2=9\\S=\dfrac{3}{P-1}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}P=0\\P=-2\\P=2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}S=-3\\S=-1\\S=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với \(S=-3\) và \(P=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-3\\xy=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với \(S=-1\) và \(P=-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-1\\xy=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với \(S=3\) và \(P=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=3\\xy=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy phương trình có các cặp nghiệm là : \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(0;-3\right)\) ; \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(-3;0\right)\) ; \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;-2\right)\) ; \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(-2;1\right)\) ; \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(2;1\right)\) ; \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;2\right)\)
Wish you study well !!
Làm nốt b :)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy dạng Engel , ta có :
\(A=\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{4}{y}\text{≥}\dfrac{\left(1+2\right)^2}{x+y}=\dfrac{9}{1}=9\)
⇒ \(A_{MIN}=9\) ⇔ \(x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
