Ta có : \(P=\dfrac{1}{16x}+\dfrac{1}{4y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{16x}+\dfrac{1}{4y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)( Vì \(x+y+z=1\) )
Áp dụng BĐT Bu - nhi - a - cốp - xki ta có :
\(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{16x}+\dfrac{1}{4y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\ge\left(\sqrt{x}.\dfrac{1}{4\sqrt{x}}+\sqrt{y}.\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{y}}+\sqrt{z}.\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{z}}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{2}+1\right)^2=\dfrac{49}{16}\)
Dấu \("="\) xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{7}\) ; \(y=\dfrac{2}{7}\) ; \(z=\dfrac{4}{7}\)