Đề không cho sẵn dãy tăng à? Vậy phải chứng minh nó tăng trước
\(u_{n+1}=\dfrac{u_n^2+2018u_n+1}{2020}\)
\(u_{n+1}-u_n=\dfrac{u_n^2+2018u_n+1}{2020}-u_n=\dfrac{\left(u_n-1\right)^2}{2020}\ge0\) \(\Rightarrow\) dãy tăng và không bị chặn trên \(\Rightarrow lim\left(u_n\right)=+\infty\)
\(\Rightarrow2020u_{n+1}=u_n^2+2018u_n+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2020u_{n+1}-2020=u_n^2+2018u_n-2019\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2020\left(u_{n+1}-1\right)=\left(u_n+2019\right)\left(u_n-1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{2020\left(u_{n+1}-1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{\left(u_n+2019\right)\left(u_n-1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2020}\left(\dfrac{1}{u_n-1}-\dfrac{1}{u_n+2019}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{u_n+2019}=\dfrac{1}{u_n-1}-\dfrac{1}{u_{n+1}-1}\)
Thế n=1;2;...;n ta được:
\(\dfrac{1}{u_1+2019}=\dfrac{1}{u_1-1}-\dfrac{1}{u_2-1}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{u_2+2019}=\dfrac{1}{u_2-1}-\dfrac{1}{u_3-1}\)
...
\(\dfrac{1}{u_n+2019}=\dfrac{1}{u_n-1}-\dfrac{1}{u_{n+1}-1}\)
Cộng vế: \(S_n=\dfrac{1}{u_n-1}-\dfrac{1}{u_{n+1}-1}=\dfrac{1}{2018}-\dfrac{1}{u_{n+1}-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\lim\left(S_n\right)=\dfrac{1}{2018}-\dfrac{1}{\infty}=\dfrac{1}{2018}\)
