\(P=\dfrac{\sqrt{a-1}}{a}+\dfrac{\sqrt{b-4}}{b}+\dfrac{\sqrt{c-9}}{c}=\dfrac{1.\sqrt{a-1}}{a}+\dfrac{2.\sqrt{b-4}}{2b}+\dfrac{3.\sqrt{c-9}}{3c}\)
Áp dụng hằng đẳng thức \(xy\le\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{2}\) ta được
\(P\le\dfrac{1+a-1}{2a}+\dfrac{4+b-4}{4b}+\dfrac{9+c-9}{6c}=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{6}=\dfrac{11}{12}\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{max}=\dfrac{11}{12}\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{a-1}=1\\\sqrt{b-4}=2\\\sqrt{c-9}=3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\b=8\\c=18\end{matrix}\right.\)