Lời giải:
Xét
\((a+b+c)(a^2+b^2+c^2)=(a^3+b^3+c^3+ab^2+bc^2+ca^2)+a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} a^3+ab^2\geq 2a^2b\\ b^3+bc^2\geq 2b^2c\\ c^3+ca^2\geq 2c^2a\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow (a+b+c)(a^2+b^2+c^2)\geq 3(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\leq \frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{3}\) (do \(a+b+c=1\))
Do đó, \(A\geq 14(a^2+b^2+c^2)+\frac{3(ab+bc+ac)}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A\geq 14[(a+b+c)^2-2(ab+bc+ac)]+\frac{3(ab+bc+ac)}{(a+b+c)^2-2(ab+bc+ac)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A\geq 14-28(ab+bc+ac)+\frac{3(ab+bc+ac)}{1-2(ab+bc+ac)}\)
Đặt \(ab+bc+ac=t\)
Theo AM-GM thì \(ab+bc+ac\leq\frac{(a+b+c)^2}{3}\Leftrightarrow t\leq \frac{1}{3}\Rightarrow t\in (0,\frac{1}{3}]\)
Ta có: \(A\geq 14-28t+\frac{3t}{1-2t}\)
Ta sẽ cm rằng \(14-28t+\frac{3t}{1-2t}\geq \frac{23}{3}\Leftrightarrow \frac{14(1-2t)^2+3t}{1-2t}\geq \frac{23}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 168t^2-159t+42\geq 23-46t\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (3t-1)(56t-19)\geq 0\) \((\star)\)
Vì \(t\leq \frac{1}{3}\Rightarrow 3t-1,56t-19\leq 0\Rightarrow (3t-1)(56t-19)\geq 0\)
Do đó \((\star)\) đúng kéo theo \(14-28t+\frac{3t}{1-2t}\geq \frac{23}{3}\Rightarrow A\geq \frac{23}{3}\)
Vậy \(A_{\min}=\frac{23}{3}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
