Lời giải:
$A=\frac{a(a+2b)-ab}{a+2b}+\frac{b(2a+b)-ab}{2a+b}$
$=a+b-\left(\frac{ab}{a+2b}+\frac{ab}{2a+b}\right)$
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
$\frac{ab}{a+2b}+\frac{ab}{2a+b}\leq \frac{ab}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\frac{ab}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)=\frac{a+b}{3}$
$\Rightarrow A\geq \frac{2}{3}(a+b)$
Mà:
$12=a+b+2ab\leq a+b+\frac{(a+b)^2}{2}$ (theo BĐT AM-GM)
$\Leftrightarrow (a+b)^2+2(a+b)-24\geq 0$
$\Leftrightarrow (a+b+6)(a+b-4)\geq 0$
$\Rightarrow a+b\geq 4$
Do đó: $A\geq \frac{2}{3}(a+b)\geq \frac{8}{3}$
Vậy $A_{\min}=\frac{8}{3}$
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=2$