Bất đẳng thức cần chứng minh tương đương:
\(\left(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{a+b}-\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{a+b+c}\right)+\left(\dfrac{b^2+c^2}{b+c}-\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{a+b+c}\right)+\left(\dfrac{c^2+a^2}{c+a}-\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{a+b+c}\right)\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2c+b^2c-c^2a-bc^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}+\dfrac{b^2a+c^2a-a^2b-ca^2}{\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}+\dfrac{c^2b+a^2b-b^2c-ab^2}{\left(c+a\right)\left(a+b+c\right)}\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ac\left(a-c\right)+bc\left(b-c\right)}{a+b}+\dfrac{ba\left(b-a\right)+ca\left(c-a\right)}{b+c}+\dfrac{cb\left(c-b\right)+ab\left(a-b\right)}{c+a}\le0\) (1).
Không mất tính tổng quát giả sử \(a\geq b\geq c\).
Ta có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{a+b}\le\dfrac{1}{c+a}\\ac\left(a-c\right)+bc\left(b-c\right)\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\dfrac{ac\left(a-c\right)+bc\left(b-c\right)}{a+b}\le\dfrac{ac\left(a-c\right)+bc\left(b-c\right)}{c+a}\);
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{b+c}\ge\dfrac{1}{c+a}\\ba\left(b-a\right)+ca\left(c-a\right)\le0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\dfrac{ba\left(b-a\right)+ca\left(c-a\right)}{b+c}\le\dfrac{ba\left(b-a\right)+ca\left(c-a\right)}{c+a}\).
Từ đó: \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{ac\left(a-c\right)+bc\left(b-c\right)}{a+b}+\dfrac{ba\left(b-a\right)+ca\left(c-a\right)}{b+c}+\dfrac{cb\left(c-b\right)+ab\left(a-b\right)}{c+a}\le\dfrac{ac\left(a-c\right)+bc\left(b-c\right)+ba\left(b-a\right)+ca\left(c-a\right)+cb\left(c-b\right)+ab\left(a-b\right)}{c+a}=0\).
Do đó (1) đúng hay bđt ban đầu cũng đúng. Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c.
