Câu 1: Tim x, y biet:
a) \(2.x-\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{20}{15}\)
b) \(\left(x+\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^3=\left(\dfrac{-1}{8}\right)\)
Câu 2: Tim cac so a,b biet:
\(\dfrac{a}{2}=\dfrac{b}{3}\) va \(a+b=-15\)
Câu 3: Tim x \(\in\) Q biet:
\(\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)< 0\)
Câu 4: Thuc hien phep tinh:
\(B=\left(\dfrac{3}{7}\right)^{21}:\left(\dfrac{9}{49}\right)^9\)
1.a)\(2.x-\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{20}{15}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2.x=\dfrac{20}{15}+\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{4}{3}+\dfrac{5}{4}=\dfrac{16+15}{12}=\dfrac{31}{12}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{31}{12}:2=\dfrac{31}{12}.\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{31}{24}\)
b)\(\left(x+\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^3=\left(-\dfrac{1}{8}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^3=\left(-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+\dfrac{1}{3}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}=-\dfrac{5}{6}\)
2.Theo đề bài, ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{2}=\dfrac{b}{3}\) và \(a+b=-15\)
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{2}=\dfrac{b}{3}=\dfrac{a+b}{2+3}=\dfrac{-15}{5}=-3\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{2}=-3\Rightarrow a=-6\\\dfrac{b}{3}=-3\Rightarrow b=-9\end{matrix}\right.\)
3.Ta xét từng trường hợp:
-TH1:\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1>0\\x-2< 0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>-1\\x< 2\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{0;1\right\}\)
-TH2:\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1< 0\\x-2>0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x< -1\\x>2\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow x\in\varnothing\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{0;1\right\}\)
4.\(B=\left(\dfrac{3}{7}\right)^{21}:\left(\dfrac{9}{49}\right)^9=\left(\dfrac{3}{7}\right)^{21}:\left[\left(\dfrac{3}{7}\right)^2\right]^9=\left(\dfrac{3}{7}\right)^{21}:\left(\dfrac{3}{7}\right)^{18}=\left(\dfrac{3}{7}\right)^3=\dfrac{27}{343}\)
