\(b^2+c^2\le a^2\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{b}{a}\right)^2+\left(\frac{c}{a}\right)^2\le1\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(\frac{b}{a}\right)^2=x\\\left(\frac{c}{a}\right)^2=y\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x+y\le1\)
\(P=\left(\frac{b}{a}\right)^2+\left(\frac{c}{a}\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)^2+\left(\frac{a}{c}\right)^2=x+y+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\)
\(P=x+\frac{1}{4x}+y+\frac{1}{4y}+\frac{3}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\ge2\sqrt{\frac{x}{4x}}+2\sqrt{\frac{y}{4y}}+\frac{3}{4}.\frac{4}{\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(P\ge2+\frac{3}{\left(x+y\right)}\ge2+\frac{3}{1}=5\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\) hay \(\left(\frac{b}{a}\right)^2=\left(\frac{c}{a}\right)^2=\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow b=c=\frac{a}{\sqrt{2}}\)
