Ôn tập cuối năm môn Đại số

Box toán 10 hình như phóng đại quá bạn ơi :v

Câu 2 bạn tự giải và biểu diễn nghiệm nhé, mình k biết vẽ biểu diễn :V

Bài 3 :

a) \(\left|2x+1\right|=5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+1=5\left(2x+1\ge0\right)\\-\left(2x+1\right)=5\left(2x+1< 0\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=4\left(x\ge-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\\-2x-1=5\left(x< -\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\left(x\ge-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\left(TMĐK\right)\\x=-3\left(x< -\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\left(TMĐK\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(S=\left\{-3;2\right\}\)

b) \(\left|x\right|=2x+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2x+1\left(x\ge0\right)\\-x=2x+1\left(x< 0\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\left(x\ge0\right)\left(KTMĐK\right)\\x=-\dfrac{1}{3}\left(x< 0\right)\left(TMĐK\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(S=\left\{-\dfrac{1}{3}\right\}\)

c) \(\left|2x-5\right|=x-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-5=x-1\left(2x-5\ge0\right)\\-\left(2x-5\right)=x-1\left(2x-5< 0\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Giải giống trên : \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\left(x\ge\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\left(TMĐK\right)\\x=2\left(x< \dfrac{5}{2}\right)\left(TMĐK\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(S=\left\{2;4\right\}\)

d) \(\left|x+4\right|=2x-5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+4=2x-5\left(x\ge-4\right)\\-\left(x+4\right)=2x-5\left(x< -4\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=9\left(TMĐK\right)\\x=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(KTMĐK\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(S=\left\{9\right\}\)

Bài 4 : \(A=\left(\dfrac{x}{x^2-4}+\dfrac{2}{2-x}+\dfrac{1}{x+2}\right):\left(x-2+\dfrac{10-x^2}{x+2}\right)\)

\(A=\left(\dfrac{x}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}-\dfrac{2}{x-2}+\dfrac{1}{x+2}\right):\left(x-2+\dfrac{10-x^2}{x+2}\right)\)

\(A=\left(\dfrac{x-2x-4+x-2}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}\right):\left(x-2+\dfrac{10-x^2}{x+2}\right)\)

\(A=\dfrac{-6}{\left(x+2\right)\cdot\left(x-2\right)}:\left(\dfrac{x^2-4}{x+2}+\dfrac{10-x^2}{x+2}\right)\)

\(A=\dfrac{-6}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}:\dfrac{6}{x+2}\)

\(A=\dfrac{-6\cdot\left(x+2\right)}{6\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}=\dfrac{-1}{x-2}\)

b) \(\left|x\right|=\dfrac{1}{2}\Rightarrow x=\left[{}\begin{matrix}-\dfrac{1}{2}\\\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow A=\left[{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{-1}{x-2}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\\dfrac{-1}{x-2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(S=\left\{0;4\right\}\)

c) \(A< 0\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{-1}{x-2}< 0\Rightarrow x-2>-1\Rightarrow x>1\)

Mà mẫu của biểu thức A = x - 2 => Loại số 2 vào danh sách nghiệm.

Vậy để A < 0 thì x > 2.