\(x^3+3x^2+3x+1+x^3-9x^2+27x-27+8-24x+24x^2-8x^3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-6x^3+18x^2+6x-18=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-3x^2-x+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x-3\right)-\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-1\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow S=\left\{-1;1;3\right\}\)