Bài 3:
a)ĐK:...
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(VT^2=\left(\sqrt{x-4}+\sqrt{6-x}\right)^2\)
\(\le\left(1+1\right)\left(x-4+6-x\right)=4\)
\(\Rightarrow VT^2\le4\Rightarrow VT\le2\)
Lại có: \(VP=x^2-10x+27=x^2-10x+25+2\)
\(=\left(x-5\right)^2+2\ge2\Rightarrow VP\ge2\)
Suy ra \(VT\le VP=2\Leftrightarrow VT=VP=2\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2-10x+27=2\Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x=5\)
b)Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{1}{2x-y-3}\\b=4x+5y\end{matrix}\right.\) thì có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4a+b=19\\3a-\dfrac{b-7}{20}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=19-4a\\3a-\dfrac{19-4a-7}{20}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b=19-4a\\16a-8=0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{1}{2}\\b=17\end{matrix}\right.\)
Hay \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{2x-y-3}=\dfrac{1}{2}\\4x+5y=17\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-y-3=2\\4x+5y=17\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 5:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(a\sqrt[3]{1+b-c}=a\sqrt[3]{a+2b}\le\dfrac{a\left(a+2b+1+1\right)}{3}\)\(=\dfrac{a^2+2ab+2a}{3}\)
Tương tự cho 2 BĐT còn lại cũng có:
\(b\sqrt[3]{1+c-a}\le\dfrac{b^2+2bc+2b}{3};c\sqrt[3]{1+a-b}\le\dfrac{c^2+2ac+2c}{3}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên ta có:
\(M\le\dfrac{a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca+2\left(a+b+c\right)}{3}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+2\left(a+b+c\right)}{3}=1\)
Xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)