Question

Cho biểu thức

\(P=\frac{\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+1\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{b}\right)^2}{\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{a^2}-\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)}\)(với a>0,b>0 và a khác b

1, CM \(P=\frac{1}{ab}\)

2, Giả sử a,b thay đổi sao cho \(4a+b+\sqrt{ab}=1\). Tìm GTNN của P

Answer 1

\(P=\frac{\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+1\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{b}\right)^2}{\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)^2-\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)-2}=\frac{\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+1\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{b}\right)^2}{\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+1\right)\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}-2\right)}\)

\(=\frac{\left(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{b}\right)^2}{\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}-2}=\frac{\left(\frac{a-b}{ab}\right)^2}{\frac{a^2+b^2-2ab}{ab}}=\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{a^2b^2.\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab}}=\frac{1}{ab}\)

\(1=\sqrt{ab}+4a+b\ge\sqrt{ab}+2\sqrt{4ab}=5\sqrt{ab}\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{ab}\le\frac{1}{5}\Rightarrow ab\le\frac{1}{25}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{ab}\ge25\)

\(\Rightarrow P_{min}=25\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\frac{1}{10}\\b=\frac{2}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)