Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(\dfrac{a^2}{\left(2a+b\right)\left(2a+c\right)}=\dfrac{a^2}{4a^2+2ab+2ac+bc}=\dfrac{a^2}{2a\left(a+b+c\right)+\left(2a^2+bc\right)}\)
\(\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{a^2}{a\left(a+b+c\right)}+\dfrac{a^2}{a\left(a+b+c\right)}+\dfrac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{2a^2}{a\left(a+b+c\right)}+\dfrac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}\right)\)\(=\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{2a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}\right)\)
Suy ra BĐT cần chứng minh viết lại như sau:
\(\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}+\dfrac{b^2}{2b^2+ca}+\dfrac{c^2}{2c^2+ab}\right)\le\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}+\dfrac{b^2}{2b^2+ca}+\dfrac{c^2}{2c^2+ab}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{3}}{\dfrac{1}{9}}-2=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2a^2}{2a^2+bc}+\dfrac{2b^2}{2b^2+ca}+\dfrac{2c^2}{2c^2+ab}\le2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-\dfrac{2a^2}{2a^2+bc}\right)+\left(1-\dfrac{2b^2}{2b^2+ca}\right)+\left(1-\dfrac{2c^2}{2c^2+ab}\right)\ge1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{bc}{2a^2+bc}+\dfrac{ca}{2b^2+ca}+\dfrac{ab}{2c^2+ab}\ge1\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\dfrac{bc}{bc+2a^2}=\dfrac{b^2c^2}{b^2c^2+2a^2bc}\ge\dfrac{b^2c^2}{b^2c^2+a^2\left(b^2+c^2\right)}=\dfrac{b^2c^2}{a^2b^2+b^2c^2+a^2c^2}\)
Tương tự cho 2 BĐT còn lại ta cũng có:
\(\dfrac{ca}{2b^2+ca}\ge\dfrac{c^2a^2}{a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2};\dfrac{ab}{2c^2+ab}\ge\dfrac{a^2b^2}{a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên ta có:
\(\dfrac{bc}{2a^2+bc}+\dfrac{ca}{2b^2+ca}+\dfrac{ab}{2c^2+ab}\ge\dfrac{a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2}{a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2}=1\)
Vậy BĐT cuối đúng hay ta có ĐPCM
